Factors responsible for making Sansarpur famous for its hockey
|
Sl.No |
Sub Factors |
Agree |
% |
Disagree |
% |
Undecided |
% |
|
1.1 |
Disciplined life of cantonment |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.2 |
Outstanding hockey players |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.3 |
Interaction of various hockey teams at local level |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.4 |
Locals in good placement in jobs because of being hockey player |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.5 |
Sports ground facilities ( parade ground available ) |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.6 |
1st Indian Army team which visited New Zealand had a player from Sansarpur |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.7 |
Local culture of people |
50 |
100% |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
1.8 |
Good marriage prospects after becoming players |
48 |
96% |
02 |
4% |
- |
- |
Table 1 shows that all the 50 respondents agreed with factors 1-7 where as two did not agree with the last factor . It shows that all the eight listed factors were overwhelmingly agreed upon by the respondents .Respondents did not only agree with the listed factors , but some of them also made special comments in favour of these , which are given below :
According to Udham Singh Kullar , the factors which contributed to development and progress of hockey in Sansarpur were :
1. Its vicinity to British Army Cantonment area which adjoins the village and motivation and inspiration provided by Army people to natives of Sansarpur to adopt the game .
2. Availability of a huge sized Parade ground just outside the village which could be used for playing hockey .
3. Frequent opportunity of playing hockey matches against Army teams , Punjab Police team, teams of near by colleges and also the opportunity to play in village tournaments which were regularly organised . Among the various hockey teams which used to participate in these tournaments , team of adjoining village Khusropur was a very strong one second only to Sansarpur’s team , winning the match against Khusropur was a matter of village prestige as there was great hockey rivalry between the two neighbouring villages . This competition produced many great hockey players from the two villages . In fact the contribution of Khusropur to Indian hockey is also significant .
4. As a large portion of Sansarpur was occupied by Cantonment , there was not much land left for cultivation and village people were looking for alternate occupation , when some of the players from Sansarpur succeeded at National and International level and were thus able to get reasonably good employment : Army , Police department and private companies being some of the employees , motivated others to adopt hockey . ( Udham Singh Kullar )
Darshan Singh Kullar feels the greatest influence on Sansarpur which molded them into hockey crazy people and produced so many hockey greats was British Army . According to him , British Army needed players for its various hockey teams . Sansarpur being one of the nearest village to the Cantonment , Army people first came into contact with them . When one or two Sansarpuris got themselves enlisted in Army and played hockey for various Army teams , the job , recognition and opportunity to visit various places became motivating factors for others and playing hockey became a symbol of prestige for young Sansarpuris . Thus , it was the influence of British Army which initiated Sansarpuri’s into hockey. Darshan Singh Kullar says that it is an open secret that there was not much land available for Sansarpurs due to its closeness to cantonment and other than hockey Sansarpur cannot claim distinction in any field . It is only hockey , which have earned Sansarpuri’s all the prestige and had put this tiny village on the world map . Due to hockey only Sansarpur’s eligible bachelors could marry girls from well-off and reputed families from outside village . In his opinion 99% marriages in Sansarpur hockey players were due to its hockey only . ( Darshan Singh Kullar )
Balbir Singh Kullar mentioned that it was British Army who brought hockey to India , Sansarpur being closer to the Cantonment area had an early interaction with the game . British Army not only introduced hockey to Sansarpur’s but also encouraged them to play hockey . They allowed villagers to make use of their parade ground as they were not having one of their own , thus under the influence of British Army men , villagers of Sansarpur took to hockey . As some of them achieved a high standard in hockey and got national recognition , they became village heroes . He mentioned that Thakur Singh was among the first few got national recognition . He toured New Zealand with the Indian Army team of which great Dhyan Chand was a member . As early hockey players from Sansarpur not only got recognition for themselves by mastering hockey skills , they also brought laurels to the village . It was through hockey only that the name of a tiny village of Sansarpur became nationally and Internationally known . Thus hockey became a symbol of identity for the village folk . Besides this the game of hockey also enabled them to get jobs and earn better livings . As there were not much employment opportunities available inside the village due to lack of cultivable land , the major part of which was occupied by cantonment . A combination of these factors provided thrust to the of game of hockey in the village and the game got its root so deep as that it almost became a part of their psyche and hockey playing and Sansarpur became in separable . Each son of the soil dreamt of playing hockey for the country and was given all encouragement by his elders
He also mentioned that in some families , playing hockey almost took the place of family occupation , there are a few families in Sansarpur which have been producing hockey players of National and International from 3-4 generations . Among them he mentioned the names of some families which has produced hockey players comprising of three generations . ( Balbir , Services )
Gurjit Singh Kullar specifically emphasised, local atmosphere and local culture of the village at that time as an important factor contributing to Sansarpur hockey. He said that Sansarpuris at that time were simple village folk , were leading healthy simple life , had no vices and their sole occupation other than agriculture was hockey . Those who were first to adopt hockey were respected personalities of the village and had other means to earn their livelihood and thus hockey gained respectability in the eyes of others . Where some of the villagers got respectable jobs in army due to their hockey , the game got further recognition . ( Gurjit Singh Kullar )
Darshan Singh Sethi agreed that certainly the presence of military hockey teams in the vicinity of the village played a crucial role in introducing Sansarpuri’s to hockey , as by observing them playing the game seriously they began to take interest in the game . When some of them got good jobs in the army due to their skills of the game further motivation was provided to the people of Sansarpur to take their hockey more seriously . Moreover the facilities for playing hockey were also provided by the cantonment people . For example , there were 8 or 9 hockey fields provided by Britishers for their cantonment hockey teams , in the vicinity of Sansarpur . These hockey fields were made available to Sansarpur’s too , the best among these grounds was known as Maratha ground which was a chat ground . This ground was used only once a week and was maintained by army people with great care . Darshan Singh Sethi said that he himself first saw Britishers , army men and locals play on this field , when he was very young . Later , he himself practiced on this ground and played matches also . ( Darshan Singh Sethi )
According to Pritam Singh Kullar , most important factor which have made Sansarpur famous for its contribution to hockey was its being in the vicinity of Jalandhar cantonment . He also mentioned that Jalandhar has traditionally been a media centre . Lots of news papers in many languages are published from Jalandhar and some of them are century old . Thus hockey exploits of Sansarpur got the media coverage since early days and helped in Sansarpur getting the national attention . Availability of open space to play hockey was also an important factor in introduction of hockey in Sansarpur . ( Pritam Singh Kullar )
Karnail Singh Kullar agrees that it was the hard practice which made Sansarpur players of yesteryears what they were . He said that they used to practice all evenings on every day till it was so dark that they could not see the ball . Evening games used to continue upto late hours during moon night ( Karnail Singh Kullar )
Due to hockey our people got higher positions in army , BSF , Punjab Police and civil services also . We maintained the tradition of high standard in hockey set by our ancestors . ( Parkash Singh Kullar )
Jarnail Singh Kullar observes that availability of the parade ground in front of the village helped the game to give it a boost . English military men used to play hockey in this ground and Sansarpur residents watched them playing and got interested in the game . Availability of the ground is a very crucial factor in introducing Sansarpuri’s to hockey as is explained below :
Although a superficial probing into the reasons for popularity of hockey among Sansarpuri’s leads one to the conclusion of it’s proximity to the cantonment area and influence of English military men . But Jalandhar was not the only British cantonment in India . There were so many other such cantonments through out the length and breadth of the country . But we do not find the popularity of the game in the neighbourhood of all cantonments . Even if we assume that Jalandhar cantonment was some what special in this regard and British army men who were posted here took special interest in introducing villagers to the game , the question remains why other villages who are situated near the Jalandhar cantonment did not get the impact . To understand the above fact , we may look at the following diagrammatic representation of neighbourhood of the Jalandhar cantonment .
As it becomes evident on observing the above diagram that besides Sansarpur , there are so many other villages who are equally close to cantonment but their contribution to hockey is not at all comparable to the Sansarpur’s contribution . Here the importance of the availability of the ground emerges as a very distinct influence . We find that no other village ( shown in the figure ) had access to such a big field where hockey could be played with ease . In this respect Sansarpur was singularly fortunate . The other village who could make significant contribution next to Sansarpur was Khusropur . Here also geographical factors seem to have played their part . As Khusropur also had an open field , which was though small in size as compared to Sansarpur’s field but was sufficient enough for hockey to be played . And Khusropur being adjacent to the Sansarpur ,certainly had got motivation from Sansarpur .
Thus , we see that as hockey was brought to India by Britishers and naturally the game first became popular in cantonments vicinity . It could get a firm footing only in areas where facilities were available , the most important of them being the availability of ground as other equipment in those days was not very costly . The following table will further clarify the point that villages which were close to Sansarpur and cantonment and thus had access to the ground did receive the impact from British hockey and had made some contribution to the game.
|
Sl.No |
Village |
Situation |
Ground |
Contribution |
|
1. |
Khusropur |
Near cantonment |
200m x 200m |
Olympian(4), International (3) |
|
2. |
Mithapur |
5 Km. from Cantt. |
* |
Olympian(3) |
|
3. |
Kaki Pind |
2Km. from Cantt. |
* |
Olympian (1) International (1) |
|
4. |
Dhanowali |
1Km. from Cantt. |
* |
Olympian (1) |
|
5. |
Bringh |
Parafree on Cantt. |
* |
International (1) |
|
6. |
Kukar Pind |
5Km. from Cantt. |
* |
International (2) |
|
7. |
Sarnih |
11Km. from Cantt. |
* |
Olympian (1) |
Rajinder Singh Kullar feels that the foremost reason for hockey gaining popularity in Sansarpur is due to its nearness to Jalandhar cantonment . The fact is quite obvious as one finds that English cantonments in India were mainly spread between Barely to Peshawar and Peshawar to Jhansi , which also has been the traditional hockey heartland of India .
The availability of a large open space in front of the village helped Sansarpuri’s a great deal in mastering the skills of the game . There were seven barracks in the English cantonment , Jalandhar , out of which 5 are still there as two of them got burnt down due to a fire in English period . The middle barrack was the largest and had a weather cock on its front side . So it was called “Murghe Wali Barrack” by village folk . Between these barracks and Sansarpur village , there is a 500 x 500 yard open space , where initially British troops started practicing . Seeing them play , Sansarpur people also took to the game .
Cantonment area was a restricted area and civilians were not allowed entry into it . But Britishers had to employ local people for small jobs and thus a few of the villagers got entry into the area . The two early grounds men of Britishers were Gamma and Viri who were employed to do jobs like watering the ground , marking the lines and general up-keep of the ground . These two gentlemen sometimes needed extra help, for which they depended upon village children . This lead to further interaction between villagers and army men , and later they allowed villagers to play with them . Thus these two groundsmen played a key role in bringing villagers into contact of British army men . They further helped the village folk by providing them used hockey sticks and balls , which were discarded by army men , as initially the villagers could not afford even this kind of equipment . Incidentally Gamma and Viri , the two Muslims whose real name were Gamma and Virdin , later became the members of 1936 Sansarpur hockey team , which were the glory days of Sansarpur hockey .
Moreover , in those days , many individuals from Sansarpur took great personal interest to promote hockey in the area . One of them was Arjun Singh . He was an alround sportsman . He excelled in hockey, cricket and football . He was a physically strong person and was a very fast runner . He went to Kenya and settled there , though he returned to Sansarpur in last phase of his life . While he was in Kenya , he invited many hockey players from Sansarpur to Kenya and helped them in earning a good living there by playing hockey . Even after returning to India , he sent some Sansarpur hockey players to Kenya . This was perhaps the first effort in providing foreign jobs to Sansarpur hockey players . Such individual’s efforts helped a great deal in popularising hockey in initial stages in Sansarpur . ( Rajinder Singh Kullar )
Filed under: Factors
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